chatgpt润色经历（一）（2）引言

作者：科研浪漫派发布时间：2023-04-11

因为引言比较长，因此需要逐步输入

输入1：（第一段）

The following is the first paragraph of the introduction: The depletion of limited fossil fuel resources and increasingly severe environmental problems have drawn worldwide attention to developing and applying new renewable energy sources. Biomass energy has emerged as an alternative renewable feedstock for its carbon neutrality, wide availability, and a high potential for producing liquid fuels and chemicals.1,2 Using biomass to produce bio-oil by fast pyrolysis is the most effective way to maximize the density of biomass energy. Because of the availability of existing petrochemical refining equipment, it is also the most promising technology for scale.3 However, bio-oil has relatively high oxygen content and acidity, leading to instability, low calorific, and corrosivity.4–9 Therefore, upgrading bio-oil further by partial or total deoxidation is necessary to obtain higher-quality fuel.4,10,11 Compared to the high corrosivity of emulsification and low yield of hydrocracking, hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a promising method to reduce the content of those oxygenated molecules to improve the quality of bio-oil.

输出1：

The first paragraph of the introduction provides a clear overview of the importance of developing renewable energy sources and the potential of biomass energy for producing liquid fuels and chemicals. However, there are opportunities to enhance the language and make it more precise, concise, and coherent. Based on the ACS Catalysis journal's standards, I have made the following modifications while indicating the modified sentences and paragraphs:

The depletion of limited fossil fuel resources and increasingly severe environmental problems have prompted the development and application of new renewable energy sources. Biomass energy has emerged as a promising alternative renewable feedstock due to its carbon neutrality, wide availability, and high potential for producing liquid fuels and chemicals (I, II). Among the various methods available for producing bio-oil from biomass, fast pyrolysis is the most effective way to maximize the density of biomass energy while utilizing existing petrochemical refining equipment (III). However, bio-oil has a relatively high oxygen content and acidity, which makes it unstable, low in calorific value, and corrosive (IV-VIII). Therefore, upgrading bio-oil further by partial or total deoxidation is necessary to obtain higher-quality fuel (IV, IX-X). Compared to the low yields of hydrocracking and the high corrosivity of emulsification, hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a promising method for reducing the content of oxygenated molecules, thereby improving the quality of bio-oil (XI-XII).

Modified sentences and paragraphs:

I. "The depletion of limited fossil fuel resources and increasingly severe environmental problems have drawn worldwide attention to developing and applying new renewable energy sources." changed to "The depletion of limited fossil fuel resources and increasingly severe environmental problems have prompted the development and application of new renewable energy sources."

II. "Biomass energy has emerged as an alternative renewable feedstock for its carbon neutrality, wide availability, and a high potential for producing liquid fuels and chemicals." changed to "Biomass energy has emerged as a promising alternative renewable feedstock due to its carbon neutrality, wide availability, and high potential for producing liquid fuels and chemicals (I, II)."

III. "Using biomass to produce bio-oil by fast pyrolysis is the most effective way to maximize the density of biomass energy. Because of the availability of existing petrochemical refining equipment, it is also the most promising technology for scale." changed to "Among the various methods available for producing bio-oil from biomass, fast pyrolysis is the most effective way to maximize the density of biomass energy while utilizing existing petrochemical refining equipment (III)."

IV. "However, bio-oil has relatively high oxygen content and acidity, leading to instability, low calorific, and corrosivity." changed to "However, bio-oil has a relatively high oxygen content and acidity, which makes it unstable, low in calorific value, and corrosive (IV-VIII)."

V. "Therefore, upgrading bio-oil further by partial or total deoxidation is necessary to obtain higher-quality fuel." changed to "Therefore, upgrading bio-oil further by partial or total deoxidation is necessary to obtain higher-quality fuel (IV, IX-X)."

VI. "Compared to the high corrosivity of emulsification and low yield of hydrocracking, hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a promising method to reduce the content of those oxygenated molecules to improve the quality of bio-oil." changed to "Compared to the low yields of hydrocracking and the high corrosivity of emulsification, hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a promising method for reducing the content of oxygenated molecules, thereby improving the quality of bio-oil (XI-XII)."

Overall, the paragraph now reads more precisely, concisely, and coherently while adhering to the ACS Catalysis journal's standards for academic language. Let me know if you have any further questions or concerns.

输入2：

The following is the second paragraph of the introduction: However, the coke formation during the process of HDO has severely limited the large-scale application of bio-oil due to three main reasons: blockage of the reactor, deactivation of the catalyst, and reduction of the utilization rate of carbon.16–21 Various efforts have been attempted to inhibit coke formation by experiments, including active phase, carrier, solvents, and process parameters. Noble metals have relatively high resistance to coke formation compared to phosphates, which showed shorter activity durations and lower coke resistance.22,23 However, inexpensive transition metals showed the most inferior anti-coking ability.24 In addition, some studies have tried to solve this problem from the perspective of carrier alumina, including silica, kaolin, metal oxides, carbon materials, titanium dioxide, zirconia, and molecular sieve.3,25–27 For carrier alumina, the easier to disperse the metal, the stronger its coking resistance.3,25,26 Solvents, such as butanol, ethanol, methanol, and water, have been used to inhibit coking in the HDO process, affecting the mass transfer and the energy transfer by reducing the viscosity of reactants.23,28 Process parameters, including hydrogen pressure, reaction temperature, reactor, and reaction flow, have been appropriately regulated to inhibit catalyst coking.22,29,30 However, the direct inhibition of coking at the macro scale has been unsuccessful. At present, the operation cycle of HDO is still less than one week.3,5

输出2：

The second paragraph of the introduction provides a detailed description of the challenges associated with the large-scale application of bio-oil due to coke formation during the HDO process, and the various methods that have been attempted to inhibit coke formation. However, there are opportunities to enhance the language and make it more precise, concise, and coherent. Based on the ACS Catalysis journal's standards, I have made the following modifications while indicating the modified sentences and paragraphs:

Coke formation during the HDO process has severely limited the large-scale application of bio-oil, primarily due to reactor blockage, catalyst deactivation, and reduced carbon utilization (I-V). Several approaches have been explored to inhibit coke formation, including the use of different active phases, carriers, solvents, and process parameters (VI-IX). Noble metals have higher resistance to coke formation compared to phosphates, which have shorter activity durations and lower coke resistance (X-XI). However, inexpensive transition metals have inferior anti-coking ability (XII). Carrier alumina has been studied extensively, with studies indicating that easier metal dispersion leads to stronger coking resistance (XIII-XV). Solvents such as butanol, ethanol, methanol, and water have been used to inhibit coking, affecting mass and energy transfer by reducing the reactants' viscosity (XVI-XVII). Process parameters such as hydrogen pressure, reaction temperature, reactor, and reaction flow have been appropriately regulated to inhibit catalyst coking (XVIII-XX). However, direct inhibition of coking at the macro scale has been unsuccessful, and the operation cycle of HDO remains less than one week (XXI-XXII).

Modified sentences and paragraphs:

I. "However, the coke formation during the process of HDO has severely limited the large-scale application of bio-oil due to three main reasons: blockage of the reactor, deactivation of the catalyst, and reduction of the utilization rate of carbon." changed to "Coke formation during the HDO process has severely limited the large-scale application of bio-oil, primarily due to reactor blockage, catalyst deactivation, and reduced carbon utilization (I-V)."

II. "Various efforts have been attempted to inhibit coke formation by experiments, including active phase, carrier, solvents, and process parameters." changed to "Several approaches have been explored to inhibit coke formation, including the use of different active phases, carriers, solvents, and process parameters (VI-IX)."

III. "Noble metals have relatively high resistance to coke formation compared to phosphates, which showed shorter activity durations and lower coke resistance." changed to "Noble metals have higher resistance to coke formation compared to phosphates, which have shorter activity durations and lower coke resistance (X-XI)."

IV. "However, inexpensive transition metals showed the most inferior anti-coking ability." changed to "However, inexpensive transition metals have inferior anti-coking ability (XII)."

V. "In addition, some studies have tried to solve this problem from the perspective of carrier alumina, including silica, kaolin, metal oxides, carbon materials, titanium dioxide, zirconia, and molecular sieve." changed to "Carrier alumina has been studied extensively, with studies indicating that easier metal dispersion leads to stronger coking resistance (XIII-XV)."

VI. "Solvents, such as butanol, ethanol, methanol, and water, have been used to inhibit coking in the HDO process, affecting the mass transfer and the energy transfer by reducing the viscosity of reactants." changed to "Solvents such as butanol, ethanol, methanol, and water have been used to inhibit coking, affecting mass and energy transfer by reducing the reactants' viscosity (XVI-XVII)."

VII. "Process parameters, including hydrogen pressure, reaction temperature, reactor, and reaction flow, have been appropriately regulated to inhibit catalyst coking." changed to "Process parameters such as hydrogen pressure, reaction temperature, reactor, and reaction flow have been appropriately regulated to inhibit catalyst coking (XVIII-XX)."

VIII. "However, the direct inhibition of coking at the macro scale has been unsuccessful." changed to "However, direct inhibition of coking at the macro scale has been unsuccessful, and the operation cycle of HDO remains less than one week (XXI-XXII)."

输入3：

The following is the third paragraph of the introduction: Studying coke's composition and formation path will help us further understand the process of catalyst deactivation due to coke formation and find a targeted solution. It was found that the cokes differ when produced at different temperatures. The coke produced at low temperatures is mainly aliphatic compounds, which can be dissolved in organic solvents. While the coke produced at high temperatures is primarily polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are insoluble in organic solvents.31–33 Although soluble coke exists on the catalyst surface and in the micropores, it is easily volatilized from the catalyst due to its low boiling point. However, insoluble coke has low volatility and solubility, which makes it usually kept in pores or on the outer surface of the catalyst.31 Coke formation comprises two main paths. (ⅰ) The recombination of oxygen-containing compounds, develops into thermal lignin (TL), consistent with aliphatic properties at relatively low temperatures. (ⅱ) The condensation of alkyl aromatic compounds, develops into catalytic coke (CK), consistent with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons properties at high temperatures.34,35 Moreover, as reported by Cordero-Lanzac,36 TL would be gradually converted to CK with the extension of time. Overall, the generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is essential in coke production. PAHs are believed to be produced by the polymerization of alkylbenzene and olefin, which eventually evolve into PAHs after further growth.36 Although the composition and formation path of coke during the hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil has been investigated experimentally, a systematic and quantitative mechanism analysis for the coke composition and formation during the process of HDO at the atomic scale was absent. This leads to difficulties in finding reaction descriptors, making it difficult to apply techniques such as machine learning to high-throughput screening of HDO catalysts.

输出3:

The third paragraph of the introduction provides detailed information on the composition and formation of coke during the HDO process and the importance of studying coke's composition and formation path. However, there are opportunities to enhance the language and make it more precise, concise, and coherent. Based on the ACS Catalysis journal's standards, I have made the following modifications while indicating the modified sentences and paragraphs:

Studying the composition and formation path of coke can provide insights into catalyst deactivation due to coke formation and lead to targeted solutions (I). Cokes produced at different temperatures differ in composition, with low-temperature cokes primarily composed of aliphatic compounds, which are soluble in organic solvents, and high-temperature cokes primarily composed of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are insoluble in organic solvents (II-III). Although soluble coke can be volatilized from the catalyst, insoluble coke tends to accumulate in pores or on the outer surface of the catalyst (IV). Coke formation involves two main paths, with recombination of oxygen-containing compounds leading to thermal lignin (TL) and condensation of alkyl aromatic compounds leading to catalytic coke (CK) (V-VI). TL would gradually convert to CK with time (VII). PAHs, produced by the polymerization of alkylbenzene and olefin, are essential in coke production (VIII). Despite experimental investigations into the composition and formation path of coke during the HDO process, a systematic and quantitative mechanism analysis at the atomic scale is lacking, posing challenges in finding reaction descriptors and applying machine learning to high-throughput screening of HDO catalysts (IX).

Modified sentences and paragraphs:

I. "Studying coke's composition and formation path will help us further understand the process of catalyst deactivation due to coke formation and find a targeted solution." changed to "Studying the composition and formation path of coke can provide insights into catalyst deactivation due to coke formation and lead to targeted solutions (I)."

II. "It was found that the cokes differ when produced at different temperatures. The coke produced at low temperatures is mainly aliphatic compounds, which can be dissolved in organic solvents. While the coke produced at high temperatures is primarily polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are insoluble in organic solvents." changed to "Cokes produced at different temperatures differ in composition, with low-temperature cokes primarily composed of aliphatic compounds, which are soluble in organic solvents, and high-temperature cokes primarily composed of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are insoluble in organic solvents (II-III)."

III. "Although soluble coke exists on the catalyst surface and in the micropores, it is easily volatilized from the catalyst due to its low boiling point. However, insoluble coke has low volatility and solubility, which makes it usually kept in pores or on the outer surface of the catalyst." changed to "Although soluble coke can be volatilized from the catalyst, insoluble coke tends to accumulate in pores or on the outer surface of the catalyst (IV)."

IV. "Coke formation comprises two main paths. (ⅰ) The recombination of oxygen-containing compounds, develops into thermal lignin (TL), consistent with aliphatic properties at relatively low temperatures. (ⅱ) The condensation of alkyl aromatic compounds, develops into catalytic coke (CK), consistent with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons properties at high temperatures. Moreover, as reported by Cordero-Lanzac,36 TL would be gradually converted to CK with the extension of time. Overall, the generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is essential in coke production. PAHs are believed to be produced by the polymerization of alkylbenzene and olefin, which eventually evolve into PAHs after further growth." changed to "Coke formation involves two main paths, with recombination of oxygen-containing compounds leading to thermal lignin (TL) and condensation of alkyl aromatic compounds leading to catalytic coke (CK) (V-VI). TL would gradually convert to CK with time (VII). PAHs, produced by the polymerization of alkylbenzene and olefin, are essential in coke production (VIII)."

V. "Although the composition and formation path of coke during the hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil has been investigated experimentally, a systematic and quantitative mechanism analysis for the coke composition and formation during the process of HDO at the atomic scale was absent. This leads to difficulties in finding reaction descriptors, making it difficult to apply techniques such as machine learning to high-throughput screening of HDO catalysts." changed to "Despite experimental investigations into the composition and formation path of coke during the HDO process, a systematic and quantitative mechanism analysis at the atomic scale is lacking, posing challenges in finding reaction descriptors and applying machine learning to high-throughput screening of HDO catalysts (IX)."

输入4：

The following is the fourth paragraph of the introduction: Density functional theory (DFT) has a processing significance in finding the mechanisms and descriptors, which have significance in guiding screening and madding catalysts. For example, the DFT simulates complex reaction networks to identify plausible reaction mechanisms by elucidating the interactions between adsorbed species and metal surfaces.37,38 In this study, inspired by the several experiment works(Support Information), we selected the binary ring formation process of CK coke as the research object. We performed relevant DFT calculations with toluene and butadiene as model compounds, focusing on the following issue. (ⅰ) Find the key elementary reactions that limit the reaction of coke formation. (ⅱ) Found the descriptors of coke formation and the relationship between these descriptors. (ⅲ) Reveal the micro-mechanism of free radicals affecting coke formation and the applicability under the effect of free radicals.

输出4：

The fourth paragraph of the introduction discusses the significance of density functional theory (DFT) in finding mechanisms and descriptors to guide the screening and design of catalysts. However, there are opportunities to enhance the language and make it more precise, concise, and coherent. Based on the ACS Catalysis journal's standards, I have made the following modifications while indicating the modified sentences and paragraphs:

Density functional theory (DFT) plays a significant role in elucidating mechanisms and descriptors, guiding screening and designing catalysts (I). DFT simulations can identify plausible reaction mechanisms by elucidating interactions between adsorbed species and metal surfaces, enabling the investigation of complex reaction networks (II-III). Inspired by several experimental works (Support Information), we focused on the binary ring formation process of catalytic coke (CK) as the research object, performing DFT calculations with toluene and butadiene as model compounds, with a focus on the following issues: (i) identifying key elementary reactions that limit the reaction of coke formation, (ii) finding descriptors of coke formation and their relationships, and (iii) revealing the micro-mechanism of free radicals affecting coke formation and their applicability under the effect of free radicals (IV-VI).

Modified sentences and paragraphs:

I. "Density functional theory (DFT) has a processing significance in finding the mechanisms and descriptors, which have significance in guiding screening and madding catalysts." changed to "Density functional theory (DFT) plays a significant role in elucidating mechanisms and descriptors, guiding screening and designing catalysts (I)."

II. "For example, the DFT simulates complex reaction networks to identify plausible reaction mechanisms by elucidating the interactions between adsorbed species and metal surfaces." changed to "DFT simulations can identify plausible reaction mechanisms by elucidating interactions between adsorbed species and metal surfaces, enabling the investigation of complex reaction networks (II-III)."

III. "In this study, inspired by the several experiment works(Support Information), we selected the binary ring formation process of CK coke as the research object. We performed relevant DFT calculations with toluene and butadiene as model compounds, focusing on the following issue. (ⅰ) Find the key elementary reactions that limit the reaction of coke formation. (ⅱ) Found the descriptors of coke formation and the relationship between these descriptors. (ⅲ) Reveal the micro-mechanism of free radicals affecting coke formation and the applicability under the effect of free radicals." changed to "Inspired by several experimental works (Support Information), we focused on the binary ring formation process of catalytic coke (CK) as the research object, performing DFT calculations with toluene and butadiene as model compounds, with a focus on the following issues: (i) identifying key elementary reactions that limit the reaction of coke formation, (ii) finding descriptors of coke formation and their relationships, and (iii) revealing the micro-mechanism of free radicals affecting coke formation and their applicability under the effect of free radicals (IV-VI)."