芯片首富虞仁荣,转运了。
\n市场方面,他熬过了寒冬。今年芯片行业回暖,他所创立并实控的韦尔股份业绩实现大爆发,前三季度其净利润同比增长544%以上至23.75亿元。股价方面,公司一扫颓势,36天涨幅趋近30%。
\n投资领域,也建树颇丰。他投向半导体领域的私募基金,至少有10只。个人直接投资的中科飞测已上市,集成电路封测厂商新恒汇去年已过会。通过投资获得的账面财富,估计不菲。
\n比起会赚钱,他更为外界称道的是对财富的使用。10月份,除了公司爆赚外,让公众更加感知的是他的慈善大手笔。他宣布捐赠所持2500万股公司股票,用于兴建“宁波东方理工大学”(暂定名)。按照韦尔股份目前股价计算,这些股票市值超过了28亿元。至此,虞仁荣2024年的捐赠数额已超过何享健、雷军、段永平等人,成为今年的中国首善。
\n虞仁荣的投资办大学之举,始于2020年底。当时,韦尔股价突破200元高位,他宣布个人将捐资200亿,兴建一所新型研究型大学“宁波东方理工大学”(暂定名)。次年11月,他进一步追加捐赠100亿。数据显示,自2023年以来,虞仁荣已经前后四次捐赠其所持的韦尔股份,合计价值约62亿元。
\n从行业首富到中国首善,虞仁荣成为这几年最受公众好评的企业家之一。
\n虞仁荣今年58岁,身上有几个耀眼的标签:中国芯片行业最能赚钱的人、清华大学无线电系85级校友、财富速度增长最快富豪之一。2018年他的个人资产才仅为83.5亿元,两年后便翻了6倍。等到2022年,他的个人财富已达950亿元。这两年来,虞仁荣的身价虽因股市市场表现而缩幅不小,但依旧稳坐行业首富宝座。
\n身处最火热的风口行业、财富迅速爆炸、善名远播,运势似乎都集中在一人身上。的确,会“运势”是虞仁荣身上的关键词之一。人生初期,他赶上了两波时代红利:知识改变命运与电子行业的黄金时期。
\n虞仁荣出生于浙江省宁波市镇海区钟包村,大名鼎鼎的“华人船王”包玉刚和他是同村。据报道,1984年包玉刚回乡省亲,并捐巨资2000万美元创办宁波大学时,少年虞仁荣便站在夹道欢迎的人群中,经商致富、回报乡梓的念头从此被种下。
\n通过发奋读书,他考入清华无线电系85级。这个班级的成员,后来支撑起了中国芯片领域的半壁江山,在上世纪混沌未开的中国半导体领域搅动风云,诞生了无数脍炙人口的故事。紫光集团董事长赵伟国、兆易创新创始人之一舒清明、卓胜微电子联合创始人冯晨晖、格科微电子创始人赵立新、燧原科技创始人赵立东,都是这届校友。
\n毕业后虞仁荣做过工程师,干过6年销售,32岁创立北京华清兴昌公司,8年时间成为北京最大的电子元器件分销商,年利润超过千万美元。后于2007年成立了韦尔股份,半导体产品研发与分销两条腿走路。
\n集成电路是个资金和技术密集型行业,光靠内生发展,很难在短时间内有亮眼发展。为迅速壮大规模,虞仁荣开启了一系列的资本运作之路,业务拓展至SoC、射频芯片以及CMOS图像传感器等领域。
\n这其中,对全球第三大CIS芯片企业——豪威的收购最具标志性。这笔交易的作价高达120多亿,而彼时韦尔的市值仅80多亿,利润只有1.37亿。虞仁荣却奇迹般通过增发股份+支付现金的方式,完成了这场“蛇吞象”。
\n后续,中美芯片博弈升级,芯片设计的国产化替代成为大势所趋,韦尔股份成为受益者之一,净利润从2018年的1.45亿飙升到2020年的27.06亿。韦尔股份的股价一度从2019年的不足30元,飙升到2021年超过340元的高点。之后,韦尔股份又陆续入股北京君正、恒玄科技、华大九天、华勤技术等A股半导体上市公司,几乎将半导体产业链一网打尽。
\n韦尔股份顺时借势快速做大之后,也经历了一段业绩低迷期。图像传感器业务一直是韦尔股份的核心收入来源,长期贡献70%以上的营收。2021年下半年起,全球智能手机出货量放缓,直接导致图像传感器需求的减少,从而拖累了韦尔股份的整体业绩。2022年上半年,韦尔营收和净利润双双出现下滑,公司股价从之前高点下跌近70%。外界一度出现不看好的声音。
\n为应对市场变化,虞仁荣这两年一方面降价促销,清理库存以降低运营成本,另一方面重新梳理产品线,手机、汽车双线布局。反映到财报上,这一变化尤为明显。
\n比如2017年韦尔股份年报显示,其半导体代理销售业务营收占比为70%,半导体设计及销售占比30%。等到2023年,其半导体设计销售营收占比一跃变成86%。产品端,则开始主攻高端化旗舰手机主摄应用,实现量产交付,并且迅速推出适用于汽车自动驾驶系统的车载图像传感器。去年其CIS业务里,来自汽车市场的收入同比增长25%。
\n市场需求复苏,外加技术不断创新,虞仁荣算是打了一场翻身仗。
\n但值得注意的是,尽管公司业绩一直不错,但虞仁荣之所以能够撬动如此巨大的业务与财富版图,离不开对资本的极致运作。2021-2022年,他曾减持1390万股,套现22.07亿。今年1-5月,他发起6次质押,合计5344万股。截至今年6月15日,虞仁荣及其一致行动人共有2.32亿股被质押,占其持有公司股份总数的53.51%。
\n这一定程度上说明,虽然公司很赚钱,但虞仁荣依旧有极强的资金需求,毕竟对相关产业链的投资需要巨额资金。
\n他的慈善事业,也有赖于公司在股市上的表现。他宣布总共捐赠300亿办学的时候,正值韦尔股份股价接近300元之际,如今韦尔的股价约在110元左右,这也意味着,虞仁荣极有可能要捐出超过他最初预计的股票数量。
\n而无论办高校还是深耕半导体行业,都绝非一朝一夕之功。虞仁荣还有很多硬骨头要啃。作为行业老兵,他还得做好耐住寂寞的准备。
\n本文来自微信公众号“商业人物”,作者:陈思美,36氪经授权发布。
\n 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