今年以来,人工智能(AI)的热潮席卷全球。不过,您知道和人工智能对话还会消耗水资源吗?AI费水背后的原因是什么?科技巨头们每年会消耗多少水资源?
如果一个用户向ChatGPT问了10到50个问题,可能会消耗掉500毫升的水。而如果成千上万的用户同时向AI提问,这背后会有多少水资源被消耗掉就难以估计了。
为什么AI会消耗水资源?
训练和运行AI大模型通常需要数以万计的服务器来提供计算资源、存储资源以及低延迟的网络连接,这些服务器会以集群的方式部署在名为“数据中心”的物理场所,当它们一起工作时,会在短时间内产生高度集中的热量,所以需要大量的水资源进行冷却。
以微软和谷歌为例,2022年,微软一共用掉了约17亿加仑(约64亿升)水,相当于可以填满约2500个奥运会规格的泳池;而谷歌的数据中心和办公室则用掉了总计56亿加仑(约212亿升)水,相当于8500个奥运会规格的游泳池。
数据显示,现在AI所需要的算力预计每100天就会翻一番,并且在未来五年内可能会增长超过一百万倍。研究人员预计,到2027年,全球范围内的AI需求可能会需要消耗掉66亿立方米的水资源,几乎相当于美国华盛顿州全年的取水量。
美国圣克拉拉大学马库拉应用伦理学中心高级主管 安·斯基特:我认为很快就会有监管机构开始行动,而欧盟明年就会提高相关的监管要求,要求公司披露它们的用水情况。
来源:央视财经
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